Tuesday, March 19, 2024
31.4 C
Chandigarh

दुनिया की नंबर 1 भाषा मैंडरिन के बारे में रोचक तथ्य

मैंडरिन (also read मंडारिन or मंदारिन) भाषा पूरे विश्व में सबसे ज्यादा बोली जाने वाली भाषा है। सिनो-तिब्बतीयन(Sino-Tibbetean) भाषा-परिवार की मंडारिन दरअसल उत्तरी और दक्षिण-पश्चिमी चीन के अधिकांश क्षेत्रों में बोली जाने वाली चाईनीज़ भाषा की अलग-2 शाखाओं का एक समूह है। यह पीपल्स रिपब्लिक ऑफ चाइना, चीन गणराज्य (ताइवान) और सिंगापुर में एक आधिकारिक भाषा है।

मैंडरिन भाषामैंडरिन के लिए मूल नाम, पुटोंगहुआ(Putonghua), का शाब्दिक अर्थ है “सामान्य भाषण”। हालांकि ताइवान में लोग इसे गुओयू(Guoyu) यानि “राष्ट्रीय भाषा” कहते हैं। ऐतिहासिक रूप से, इसे गुआनहुआ(Guanhua) भी कहा जाता है जिसका अर्थ है “अधिकारियों का भाषण”। चूंकि मंडारिन उत्तरी चीन में अधिक आम है, इसलिए इसे कभी-कभी बेइफंगहुआ (beifanghua; 北方话) yaani “उत्तरी बोली” के रूप में जाना जाता है।

मंदारिन को चीनी अक्षरों (कभी-कभी “हान वर्ण” कहा जाता है) का उपयोग करते हुए लिखा जाता है जोकि एक प्राचीन सचित्र प्रणाली है जिसमें प्रत्येक प्रतीक एक अलग शब्द का प्रतिनिधित्व करता है। इसके दो मुख्य संस्करण हैं – “पारंपरिक” वर्ण जोकि ताइवान, हांगकांग और मकाऊ में उपयोग किए जाते हैं, और “सरलीकृत” वर्ण जो कि चीन, सिंगापुर और मलेशिया में उपयोग किए जाते हैं।

मैंडरिन – हजारों चित्राक्षर!

यह अनुमान है कि मैंडरिन में आपको एक अखबार पढ़ने के लिए 2 हज़ार से 3 हज़ार चित्राक्षरों को सीखने की आवश्यकता होती है एक अच्छा “शिक्षित” चीनी व्यक्ति लगभग 8,000 चित्राक्षरों के बारे में जानकारी रखता है!

मैंडरिन सीखें अब आसानी सेचूंकि चीनी मैंडरिन विश्व में सबसे अधिक बोली जाती है इसे सीखना एक शानदार अनुभव और कौशल साबित हो सकता है। यह किताब चीनी पढ़ना और लिखना आसान बना सकती है। इसमें 2,349 चीनी अक्षर और 5,000+ युग्म दिये गए हैं।

 

यह भी पढ़ें:

Every year, on the 20th of April, the United Nations celebrate World Chinese Language Day. According to the UN, the purpose of this observance is “to celebrate multilingualism and cultural diversity as well as to promote equal use of all six official languages throughout the Organization.”

With that in mind, here are ten facts about the Chinese language (languages, really) for World Chinese Language Day.

Mandarin Chinese, the most common Chinese dialect, is the most widely spoken language in the world.
There are over 800 million native Mandarin speakers. Around the world, one out of five people speaks the language.

Mandarin is the official language of China. (It’s also referred to as Standard Chinese or Putonghua.) But that doesn’t mean Mandarin is the only language in China. Far from it! While the many varieties of spoken Chinese are often called “dialects,” many of them are different enough to be languages in their own right.

When you look at all of the Chinese languages together, the number of speakers becomes even more staggering: about 1.2 billion native speakers, or around 16% of the world’s population.

While spoken Chinese languages and dialects vary across the country, written Chinese has only slight regional variations.
That’s because the Chinese characters are logograms. They represent words or phrases rather than sounds. As such, they transcend most of the variations in speech found across China. That said, there are some dialectal differences in written Chinese, particularly with Cantonese and Hakka.

Mostly, these differences are apparent in informal writing between friends or online. However, written Cantonese is sometimes used in adverts in Hong Kong, especially in Hong Kong’s Metro.

Chinese writing has over 50,000 characters.
That said, only about 20,000 of them are used today. Meanwhile, it only takes about 2-3,000 characters to read a newspaper.

Most Chinese adults can recognise around 8,000 characters without pulling out a dictionary.

Written Chinese is over 3,000 years old.
The oldest Chinese characters that have been found to date are fragments of characters carved into animal bones and turtle shells from the Shang Dynasty. These bones are called “oracle bones,” and they were used for divination. Soothsayers carved questions into the bones and then burnt them until they cracked. The pattern of the cracks was believed to indicate the answer.

Simplified Chinese is used in mainland China and Singapore.
Simplified Chinese was developed by the Chinese government in the 1950s to encourage literacy.

However, Hong Kong never quite got with the program. They still use the more complicated traditional Chinese character set. Otherwise, formal written Cantonese is quite similar to written Mandarin. However, there may also be some differences in grammar and vocabulary if the document in question is written in informal, colloquial Cantonese.

The Chinese languages are tonal languages.
Mandarin is a tonal language, as are the other languages and dialects used in China. Mandarin has four basic tones and then a fifth neutral tone. Be careful, as getting the tone wrong can change the meaning of a word in ways you wouldn’t expect!

The first Chinese Language Day was held on 12 November 2010.
The date was moved to 20 April in 2011. The 20th of April corresponds with the “Rain of Millet” (Guyu) in the Chinese calendar. As such, it celebrates the legendary Chinese historian Cangjie, who is credited with inventing the Chinese characters. According to the tales, when he did so, “the deities and ghosts cried and the sky rained millet.”

The myths also say he had four eyes and four pupils, but take that with a grain of salt.

Chinese became an official UN language in 1946.
However, it wasn’t used as a working language until 1973 for the General Assembly and 1974 for the UN Security Council.

The following English words come from Chinese:
Brainwashing: a literal translation of the Chinese 洗腦
Catsup: A pidgin English version of the Cantonese 茄汁, which means “tomato sauce.”
Tea: An Anglicised version of the Hokkien 茶
Tycoon: A Sino-Japanese word that means “great nobleman.”
Typhoon: comes from either Hokkien, Cantonese or Mandarin, all of which have similar pronunciations.
Chinese is one of the most difficult languages to learn.
Chinese is one of the most important languages for businesses and individuals alike. Unfortunately, it’s also one of the hardest languages for English speakers to learn.

For example, according to the United States Foreign Service Institute, it takes most English speakers over 2,200 hours of time in a classroom to learn Chinese.

Are you looking for Chinese translation services? Read our beginner’s guide here!

At K International, we can help with quality, reliable Chinese translations that you can feel comfortable with. We’ll ensure the translation is exactly what you need to reach your target audience. Plus, we have an in-house design team ready and waiting to smooth the transition from one language to another. Contact us today – we’d love to hear from you!

Related Articles

Leave a Reply

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.

15,988FansLike
0FollowersFollow
110FollowersFollow
- Advertisement -

MOST POPULAR

RSS18
Follow by Email
Facebook0
X (Twitter)21
Pinterest
LinkedIn
Share
Instagram20
WhatsApp